Peace, or peace is a term pleasant and beautiful imaginable. Peaceful atmosphere synonymous with non-violence, the presence of harmony, tolerance, mutual respect and equal relationships between individuals and communities to live together in order to achieve certain goals within a certain region as well. But peace is also a dream that can not be reached by most people around the world, including in Indonesia, which has a long history of violent conflict with different backgrounds cause.
The opposite of peace is conflict. There should be a clear distinction between violent conflict. Conflict is a necessity inherent in a society made up of many individuals who have the desire, the will and of particular interest. Conflict is necessary for the growth and development of a community toward a better direction. Temporal violent conflict is when many desire, the will and the interests sought to be achieved or maintained in ways that damage, either physical damage, psychological and environmental.
Creating an atmosphere of peace and culture of peace in a community is one part of disaster risk reduction education. Although different in the realm of studies, natural disasters and violent conflicts are at the same point of contact is the extent to which a community has mechanisms and resilience to cope with both the threat and mitigate its impact.
Peace education be part of the study because of the emergence of violent conflict disaster could disrupt the survival of a society, causing fear, causing casualties and damage to livelihood assets, as well as causing the loss of access to economic, social and political person or a community. In other words, the disaster is not just a threat that comes from nature, but also the threats that come from social situations that are not healthy.
With the development of human civilization, modern social disasters in the assessment of disaster risk reduction (Disaster Risk Reduction). Terrorism, the threat of nuclear war, violent tribal conflicts, wars over resources in the country is classified as a potentially disruptive disaster survival of a society
There are many definitions and theories of peace or peace. The most widely understood definition is the absence of war or violent conflict. While of the causes, the traditional understanding of peace will be created when states individuals have a sense of peace in itself, has the ability to control emotions and thoughts that do not perform actions that harm others and can trigger violent conflict openly. Peace is a concept and a positive outlook both to themselves and to others.
But for the understanding of the above is not enough to explain a wide range of violent conflict still occurs in many parts of the world today. In theory the more modern, peace is not merely understood from the perspective of individual psychological or society. John Galtung, scientist and peace activist from Norway, defining peace in the two sides. First, negative peace, that is the absence of war or violent conflict. This situation is achieved by structural approach, which is the prevention of any potential conflict with the controlling parties of potential conflicts that could ignite into open conflict and violence. Second, positive peace, the atmosphere of a prosperous, freedom and justice are the basis for the creation of a peaceful atmosphere in a community.
The same was stated by Dr. Ursula Franklin, a feminist and peace activist from Canada who argue that peace is not merely the absence of war, but also the creation of justice and peace loss of fear within the individual and society. Fear is meant is insecurity of economic factors, such as fear of not having a job or a place to live. Franklin further spotlight on what he calls "system-threatening", the system created by a group to control and manage individual or group by giving them a sense of fear and uncertainty in order to achieve certain goals. In other words, to create peace efforts should be made to satisfy the justice and security of individuals and communities, better to be safe from physical and economic threats.
Many theories and approaches in explaining about peace and conflict. But those theories are just a small part of a larger effort that is looking for a way to make peace. One of the terms associated with efforts to bring about peace is Peace Education (Peace Education), in addition to various other terms such as the Peacebuilding, Conflict Transformatin, Conflict Management, Conflict Resolution, and a variety of other terms related to the conflict and peace. The next question is what is Peace Education? What is the purpose of Education (for) Peace?
In short, Peace Education is the effort to realize the values, behavior and way of life that supports the creation of a culture of peace. Culture of peace itself according to the UN Declaration of 13 September 1999 is the number of values, beliefs, traditions, behavior and lifestyle, based on the principles of non-violence, tolerance, solidarity, respect for human rights and freedoms, and more specifically is to provide space for participation and empowerment of women.
Efforts to create a culture of peace through education (for) Peace aims to provide an understanding and awareness of the root causes of conflict, violence and lack of peace within the scope of personal, interpersonal, community, national, regional and international levels. Thus, a thorough understanding of the conflict can be used as the basis for peace in the community.
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